What is the primary purpose of ATF Form 4473?

The primary purpose of ATF Form 4473 is to conduct background checks before firearm transfers. This form is used by federal firearms licensees (FFLs) when a person wishes to purchase a firearm. It gathers essential information about the buyer, which the FFL needs to complete a National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) inquiry. This process is critical in ensuring that individuals who are prohibited from purchasing firearms, such as those with felony convictions or restraining orders, are identified prior to the sale. The completion of Form 4473 is a fundamental step in promoting responsible gun ownership and maintaining public safety.

The other options, while related to firearms regulations, do not reflect the specific function of ATF Form 4473. Reporting multiple sales of firearms is different and pertains to different legal requirements. Licensing firearm dealers relates to the process of issuing Federal Firearms Licenses, and registering firearms involves tracking ownership, which is not the primary focus of Form 4473. Thus, the correct choice emphasizes the vital role of background checks in the firearm purchasing process.